| 1. ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ | ᠂ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠶᠠᠰᠥ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠥ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠥ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠮ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠥᠮᠵᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠥ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠄ | ︵1︶ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ — ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠃ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠥᠮᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠰᠥ | ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠬᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠥ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠰᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ — ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠥᠮᠡ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠰᠥ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠦᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠥ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ — ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠ ᠢᠯᠵᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠸᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠥᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠰᠥ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠵᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠥ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | 2. ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ᠄ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ | ᠱᠦᠯᠳᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠺᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠥᠯ | ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠥ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ PH ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ | 1. ᠳᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ | ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠤᠰᠥ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 50% ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | 2. ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠰᠥ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 45% — 50% ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ | ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠥ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠥ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 20 — 30 | cm ᠦᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ 70 — 80 cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 3. ᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ | ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠥᠨᠳᠥᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭ | ᠶᠤᠰᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ | ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠺᠲᠧᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠴᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠢᠰᠭᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠥ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ | ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ︾ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠ |